|
What
is the MMR?
Definition
MMR stands for the measles mumps and rubella vaccine. This combination shot will inject three live-viruses (attenuated chemically) at the same time into a child. Some countries such as Japan have stopped using the combination vaccine because of the increased risk. Keep up with this particular section of the AVN site because there will be some very interesting research released over the next couple of months regarding the connection between MMR vaccination and the development of autism, Crohn's Disease and Irritable Bowel Disease.
Measles
Source:
http://edcp.org/html/mesles.html
Definition
The current clinical case definition for measles is: "An illness characterized by all of the following clinical features: (a) a generalized rash lasting three or more days, (b) a temperature of 38.3 C (101 F) or greater, (c) cough, or coryza, or conjunctivitis." The laboratory criteria for diagnosis is "isolation of measles virus from a clinical specimen, or a significant rise in measles antibody level by any standard serologic assay, or positive serologic test for measles IgM antibody." A confirmed case is "a case that is laboratory confirmed or that meets the clinical case definition and is epidemiologically linked to a probable or confirmed case." Only confirmed cases are reported, though suspect and probable cases are investigated.
Mumps:
Source: http://edcp.org/html/mmps.html
Definition
The current clinical case definition for mumps is: "An illness with acute onset of unilateral or bilateral tender, self-limited swelling of the parotid or other salivary gland, lasting two or more days, and without other apparent cause." Laboratory confirmation requires the isolation of mumps virus from a clinical specimen, or a significant rise in mumps antibody level by any standard serologic test, or a positive serologic test for mumps IgM antibody. Probable cases meet the clinical case definition but are not laboratory confirmed or epidemiologically linked to another case. Confirmed cases are either laboratory confirmed, or meet the clinical case definition and are epidemiologically linked to another probable or confirmed case. In Maryland, mumps cases are rarely investigated by health departments. Thus, all reports of mumps from health professionals are counted as probable cases and transmitted to the CDC.
Rubella
Source: http://edcp.org/html/rubella.html
Definition
The clinical case definition is: "An illness with all of the following characteristics: (a) acute onset of generalized maculopapular rash, (b) temperature greater than 37.2 C (99 F), if measured, and (c) arthralgia/arthritis, or lymphadenopathy, or conjunctivitis." Cases meeting the measles case definition, or with serology compatible with recent measles infection, are excluded. The laboratory criteria for diagnosis is "isolation of rubella virus, or a significant rise in rubella antibody level by any standard serologic assay, or positive serologic test for rubella IgM antibody." Probable cases must meet the clinical case definition. Confirmed cases must either be laboratory confirmed, or meet the clinical case definition and be epidemiologically linked to a laboratory confirmed case. Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is also reportable.
|
